Biology

Info 2000 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
The World Conservation Union (formerly the International Union for the Conservation of Nature), through its Species Survival Commission assesses the conservation status of species, subspecies, varieties and even sub-populations on a global scale, in order to highlight taxa threatened with extinction and therefore to promote their conservation. Its Red Data Book remains the most objective, scientifically-based information on the current status of globally-threatened biodiversity.
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Info Acoustic monitoring project
The Acoustic Monitoring Project has performed continuous monitoring of ocean noise since 1991 using the U.S. Navy Sound Surveillance System (SOSUS) network and autonomous underwater hydrophones. Subjects monitored are Ocean Seismicity (hydroacoustic monitoring allowing detection and precise location of small submarine earthquakes and volcanic activity), Bioacoustics (underwater acoustic methods used to study the distribution of large whales in the open oceans), and Environmental Noise (the effect of noise, both man-made and natural, on marine life.)
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Info Aerobiological engineering
Aerobiological Engineering is designing buildings and systems for control of airborne pathogens and reduction of respiratory infections in indoor environments. Aerobiology is the study of micro-organisms which may be detrimental to human health, such as viruses, bacteria and fungi. Subjects covered by this site include legionnaires disease, sick building syndrome, bioterrorism and immune building technology, and epidemiology for engineers.
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Info Aggie Horticulture
Aggie Horticulture is the information server of the Texas Horticulture Program, the combined information resources of the teaching, research and extension program at the Texas A&M University System.
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Info All species foundation
The All Species Foundation is a non-profit organisation dedicated to the complete inventory of all species of life on Earth within the next 25 years. Tools include the All Species search engine, which has indexed more than 873,000 species, 120,336 common names, and 130,504 synonyms from 12 taxonomic databases.
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Info All the Virology on the World-Wide Web
All the Virology on the World-Wide Web aims to be the best single site for virology information on the Internet. It collects virology-related websites that might be of interest to virologists, and others interested in learning more about viruses. It contains an index to virus pictures on the web, The Big Picture Book of Viruses, and functions as a resource for viral taxonomy.
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Info Amos' WWW links page
This site contains pointers to information sources for life scientists with an interest in biological macromolecules, with access to protein and gene sites. Links to protein sequence, 3D structure and 2D-gel analytical tools are provided
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Info Angiosperm phylogeny website
Provides key physical and biochemical characteristics for hundreds of families and genera and all of the 80+ orders of Angiosperms - the flowering plants. Includes evolutionary trees, information about systematics and classification history of groups and a complete listing of families and orders showing current and non-current names.(Keywords: botany, evolution)
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Info Animal diversity web
Database of descriptions, photographs and classifications of the world's mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles, sharks, bony fish, molluscs, arthropods, and echinoderms, searchable by common or scientific name. Some records also provide information on habitats, physical characteristics, food, reproductive habits and geographic range. (Keywords: zoology)
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Info Animal info : information on rare, threatened and endangered mammals
Data on more than 100 species worldwide that face extinction. Each referenced species account provides information on habitat, appearance, ecology, behaviour, reproduction, conservation status, and threats to survival.
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Info Astrobiology Web
A directory of web-based astrobiology resources.
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Info Avibase
Avibase is an extensive database information system about all birds of the world, containing over 2 million records about 10,000 species and 22,000 subspecies of birds, including distribution information, taxonomy, synonyms in several languages and more.
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Info Bad Bug Book : foodborne pathogenic microorganisms and natural toxins handbook
Provides the basic facts regarding foodborne pathogenic microorganisms and natural toxins. It brings together in one place information from the Food & Drug Administration, the Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, the USDA Food Safety Inspection Service, and the National Institutes of Health. Some technical terms have been linked to the National Library of Medicine's Entrez glossary. Recent articles from Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Reports have been added to selected chapters to update the handbook with information on later outbreaks or incidents of foodborne disease. At the end of selected chapters on pathogenic microorganisms, hypertext links are included to relevant Entrez abstracts and GenBank genetic loci.
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Info Beagle 2
The Beagle 2 project is the British led effort to land on Mars as part of the European Space Agency's (ESA) Mars Express Mission, to be launched in June 2003. Beagle 2 is a lander dedicated to looking for life (exobiology) and conducting geochemical & atmospheric analyses of Mars.
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Info Biochemistry in 3D - Lehninger's Principles of Biochemistry
A collection of interactive tutorials using 3D structures to teach biochemical concepts in biochemistry. Designed to accompany Lehninger's Principles of Biochemistry (3rd edition). Contains a tutorial on the Escherichia coli lac repressor (LacR) gene regulator and other things that switch biochemists on... (The site requires Netscape Communicator 4.5 or higher and a downloadable plug-in for the interactive tutorials)
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Info Biocrawler
Biocrawler - the Life Sciences Search Engine - provides access to a wide range of biology resources on the World-Wide Web.
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Info BIODIDAC
BIODIDAC is a bank of digital images, video and animations that can be used and adapted for teaching biology. (Keywords: botany, microbiology, zoology)
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Info Biodiversity and biological collections webserver
Webserver devoted to information of interest to systematists and other organismic biologists. Here you will find information about specimens in biological collections, taxonomic authority files, directories of biologists, reports by various standards bodies (IOPI, ASC, SA2000, etc), an archive of the Taxacom, MUSE-L and CICHLID-L listservs, access to on-line journals (including Flora On-line) and information about MUSE and Delta. (classification, systematics, taxonomy)
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Info Biodiversity Economics Library
this site explores the economic dimensions of the global biodiversity agenda as reflected in the work of International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources [IUCN] and the various biodiversity conventions, notably the Convention on Biological Diversity.
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Info Biodiversity hotspots
Conservation International focuses its efforts on 25 biologically rich areas around the world under significant threat of destruction. The remaining natural habitat in these biodiversity hotspots amounts to just 1.4 percent of the land surface of the planet, yet supports nearly 60 percent of the world's plant, bird, mammal, reptile, and amphibian species.
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Info BioGIS - Israel Biodiversity Information System
BioGIS is a geographical information system [GIS] holding a national database of Israeli flora and fauna. The database is open to the public and provides advanced tools for querying, analyzing, modeling, and visualizing patterns of species distribution in Israel. Care! BioGIS is in an early stage of development. Care! The current version serves mainly to identify and solve the various scientific, methodological and technical problems associated with the construction of an interdisciplinary, Internet-based biodiversity information system. (ecology)
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Info Biological Control: A Guide to Natural Enemies in North America
This Cornell University World website provides photographs and descriptions of biological control (or biocontrol) agents of insect, disease and weed pests in North America. It is also a tutorial on the concept and practice of biological control and integrated pest management (IPM). The guide currently includes individual pages of approximately 100 natural enemies of pest species, and will continue to expand. On each of these pages you will see photographs, descriptions of the life cycles and habits, and other useful information about each natural enemy.
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Info Biology Workbench [San Diego Supercomputer Center]
The Biology WorkBench is a revolutionary web-based tool for biologists, allowing biologists to search many popular protein and nucleic acid sequence databases. Database searching is integrated with access to a wide variety of analysis and modeling tools, all within a point and click interface that eliminates file format compatibility problems.
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Info BiologyBrowser
BiologyBrowser is an interactive portal designed by BIOSIS (www.biosis.org) to connect life sciences researchers with free, useful resources and other like-minded scientists from all around the world.
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Info Biomat.net [Biomaterials network]
Biomaterials is a new field which aims to create replacement parts for the human body. This site is a collection of some selected internet links related to biomaterials and also some relevant links to biomedical engineering, biology, medicine and health sciences in general. There are links to biomaterials organisations, labs, companies and journals, as well as a diary of meetings and a directory of researchers.
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Info BioMedNet
BioMedNet is owned by Elsevier Science and is part of the Reed Elsevier group of companies. BioMedNet is the website for researchers in the biomedical sciences. To date there are more than 600,000 members of BioMedNet, with more than 20,000 people joining per month! Membership of BioMedNet is free, and members can search all of BioMedNet without charge. However, viewing full-text articles from publishers often requires payment or a subscription.
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Info BioTech - life science resources and reference tools
BioTech's goal is to enrich the public's knowledge of biology, biotechnology and chemistry. It aims to serve everyone from school students to professional researchers. For more information, an illustrated dictionary gives information on thousands of life science terms. Chemical information is provided by the Chemical Acronyms Database.
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Info Biotechnology : an information resource
Welcome to the Biotechnology Information Resource [BIC] website from the National Agricultural Library of the US Department of Agriculture. It provides access to selected sources, services and publications covering many aspects of agricultural biotechnology.
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Info Botany online - the Internet hypertextbook
This website, originally written in German but slowly being translated into English, contains 58 chapters covering all aspects of botany from the molecular level to botanical folklore.
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Info BrainInfo : a primate brain information system
BrainInfo is a website that helps one identify structures in the brain and provides many different kinds of information about each structure. It consists of three basic knowledge bases: NeuroNames, which provides the index to brain structures and narrative information about them; the Template Atlas, which shows the structures that are found in the primate brain; and NeuroMaps, a set of several hundred overlays that will show the location of different kinds of information that have been mapped to the standard background maps (templates) of the Atlas. Information about brain structures in other species, particularly the human, is provided by links to other websites.
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Info BRENDA : the comprehensive enzyme information system
BRENDA is the main collection of enzyme functional data available to the scientific community. The enzymes are classified according to the Enzyme Commission list of enzymes. Some 3500 "different" enzymes are covered.
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Info British Trees
The British Trees website aims to be the definitive guide to British tree species on the Internet and was kindly donated to the Woodland Trust by Bill Unsworth in 2004.
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Info Bryology
Bryophytes are a plant group which includes hornworts, liverworts and mosses. This site has information for taxonomists, as well as an index of mosses describing nomenclature, distribution and classification.
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Info BSE Inquiry
This site contains the full text of the Report of the BSE Inquiry, and all the supporting evidence. The BSE Inquiry was announced in Parliament on 22 December 1997, and set up on 12 January 1998, to establish and review the history of the emergence and identification of BSE and new variant CJD in the United Kingdom, and of the action taken in response to it up to 20 March 1996; to reach conclusions on the adequacy of that response, taking into account the state of knowledge at the time; and to report on these matters to the Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, the Secretary of State for Health and the Secretaries of State for Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.
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Info BUBL : botany
A catalogue of evaluated Internet resources in botany.
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Info BUBL : life sciences
BUBL (Bulletin Board for Libraries) is a directory of Internet and World-Wide Web resources. This section covers the life sciences.
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Info BUBL : zoology
A catalogue of selected Internet resources covering zoology worldwide.
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Info Bugwood Network
The mission of the Entomology and Forest Resources Digital Information Work Group is to create, gather, maintain and promote the use of, and economically distribute digital information both as resources and as tools to enhance and complement information exchange and educational activities in the fields of entomology, forestry, forest health and natural resources.
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Info Butterflies & Moths of the World
There are currently an estimated 112,000 to 165,000 described species of butterflies and moths (Scoble, 1999) in 24,009 available or objective replacement genus-group names within 131 families. This online catalogue comprises 31,147 entries and includes all published genus-group names (including junior homonyms, junior synonyms, unnecessary replacement names, misspellings, incorrect citations and suppressed, unavailable, invalid and rejected names) from Linnaeus, 1758, up to the present. The families (and subfamilies where relevant), authors, publication dates, references, type-species, type-species designations, type specimen data, synonymy and comments on genus-group names are included.
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Info Butterflies of North America
This website site contains the following information: Distribution maps showing the counties in which occurrence of a particular species has been verified; Photos of the adult and caterpillar (when available), Species accounts containing information on size, identifying characteristics, life history, flight, caterpillar hosts, adult food, habitat, species range, conservation status, and management needs; Species checklists for each county in the United States and in northern Mexico. In addition to the above information, users looking to identify an unknown butterfly can browse our collection of thumbnail photos and jump to a particular species account and distribution map.
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Info CalPhotos
One of the biggest image collections on the World-Wide Web. CalPhotos contains photos of the flora and fauna of California plants and has links to the CalFlora database. More than 80,000 digital images are available for online searching and many of the images are linked to other online datasets.
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Info Cancer genome anatomy project : Mitelman database of chromosome aberrations in cancer
The information in the Mitelman Database of Chromosome Aberrations in Cancer relates chromosomal aberrations to tumor characteristics, based either on individual cases or associations.
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Info CephBase
CephBase is a database containing information on all aspects of cephalopod biology; life histories, distribution, iamges catch and taxonomic data on all living species of cephalopods (octopus, squid, cuttlefish and nautilus)>
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Info Cetacea
Cetacea is a website which provides complete background information on every species of whale, dolphin and porpoise (Cetaceans) known to humankind.
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Info ChEBI
Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI) is a freely available dictionary of ‘small molecular entities’. The term ‘molecular entity’ encompasses any constitutionally or isotopically distinct atom, molecule, ion, ion pair, radical, radical ion, complex, conformer, etc., identifiable as a separately distinguishable entity. The molecular entities in question are either products of nature or synthetic products used to intervene in the processes of living organisms.
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Info Checklist of the Collembola of the World
Collembola are small, entognathous, wingless hexapods with antennae always present. Most but not all Collembola may be recognised by a posterior ventral forked abdominal appendage, the furca. The presence of antennae and absence of cerci distinguishes them from the other entognathous hexapods, the Protura (with antennae and cerci absent) and the Diplura (with antennae and cerci or pincers present). This taxonomic checklist includes all Collembola species of the world. Included are all valid names with a complete list of synonyms in their original combinations with authors and dates.
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Info Chemical and Biological Weapons Nonproliferation Project
The Chemical and Biological Weapons Nonproliferation Project examines the issues associated with chemical and biological weapons. Launched in 1993, the Project initially centred on preparations at home and abroad to implement the Chemical Weapons Convention and to strengthen the 1972 Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention. (chemical warfare, biological warfare)
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Info CIESM atlas: new exotic species in the Mediterranean sea
The CIESM atlas: new exotic species is the first attempt to provide a comprehensive, group by group, survey of recent marine 'immigrants' in the Mediterranean.
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Info Cnidaria home page
Links to information about cnidaria (jellyfish / jelly fish) biology, including anthozoa, cubozoa, hydrozoa and scyphozoa.
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Info Complete Works of Charles Darwin
The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online (or Darwin Online) began in 2002 to assemble in one scholarly website all of Darwin's published writings and unpublished papers. It does not cover his unpublished letters which were already the focus of the Darwin Correspondence Project. Darwin Online is by far the largest Darwin publication in history. It contains over 50,000 pages of searchable text and 150,000 electronic images. This site contains at least one exemplar of all known Darwin publications, reproduced to the highest scholarly standards, both as searchable text and electronic images of the originals. The works reproduced here were lent by helpful institutions and individuals. Some of the books are worth over £100,000 ($196,800), which means that few libraries can afford to collect all of Darwin's works. The site also provides the largest collection of Darwin's private papers ever published in c. 20,000 items in c. 90,000 images, thanks to the kind permission of Cambridge University Library.
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Info Comprehensive Microbial Resource
The Comprehensive Microbial Resource [CMR] allows access to data from all microbial genome sequences completed to date. Accessible here is the Omniome database which contains the sequence and annotation of each of the completed genomes, as well as associated information about the organisms (taxon, Gram stain pattern), the structure and composition of their DNA molecules (such as plasmid vs. chromosome and GC content), and many attributes of the protein sequences predicted from the DNA sequence (pI, molecular weight).
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Info Cones & Conotoxins
Members of the Conidae have long been collected for their shells. Cone shells are marine snails, found in reef environments throughout the world. They prey upon other marine organisms, immobilising them with unique venoms. There have been 30 recorded cases of human envenomation by fish-eating cone shells, in some cases fatal. The toxins in cone shell venoms possess pharmacological qualities that make them valuable tools in medical research. (molluscs, toxicology)
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Info CoRIS : NOAA's coral reef information system
The Coral Reef Information System website (CoRIS) is designed to provide the public with a single point of access for coral reef data and information derived from many NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) programs and projects, especially those that are part of NOAA's activities on the National Coral Reef Task Force and NOAA's implementation of the National Action Plan to Conserve Coral Reefs.
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Info CSU Bioweb
The purpose of this webserver is to consolidate existing World-Wide Web biology teaching and research resources and to create and distribute original multimedia resources for the teaching of biology.
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Info CyberBee.Net
CyberBee.Net is the only privately owned (and not-for-profit) domain name dedicated entirely to honey bees. (beekeeping)
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Info Cyberbotanica - plants and cancer treatments
Cyberbotanica is a free online botany education resource produced as a part of Indiana University's BioTech Project. Due to a lack of funding, this resource is no longer under development, but it may contain useful information. (Keywords: botany, pharmacognosy)
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Info Cycad pages
Cycads are a small group of ancient plants with many unique features. This website contains botanical and horticultural information and a link to The World List of Cycads database which has a page for every known cycad. (Keywords: botany, evolution)
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Info Darwin Correspondence Project
Charles Robert Darwin (1809-1882) was the foremost naturalist of his era. His theories on the origin of species are of enduring significance, and he worked at the cutting edge of biological science for half a century. Darwin's correspondence provides us with an invaluable source of information, not only about his own intellectual development and social network, but about Victorian science and society in general. Letters form the largest single category of Darwin's working papers (this website contains details of around 14,500 surviving letters) and were one of the most important means by which he gathered data and discussed ideas. They provide a remarkably complete picture of the development of his thinking, throwing light on his formative years and the years of his voyage around the world on HMS Beagle. The letters also chronicle the period that led up to the publication of his controversial theory of the transmutation of species by means of 'natural selection' in The Origin of Species, and the subsequent heated debates. In the 1860s and 1870s, Darwin was, additionally, busy with botanical investigations: studying adaptations in orchids, different types of sexual reproduction in other plants, the origin of climbing plants, and the physiology of insectivorous plants. The letters illustrate how this work, and his studies of human descent, sexual selection, and the expression of emotions, all contributed to the refinement of the theory presented in Origin. Darwin discussed these ideas in correspondence with other notable scientific figures such as the geologist Charles Lyell, the botanists Asa Gray and Joseph Dalton Hooker, the zoologist Thomas Henry Huxley and the naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace. The letters therefore also add to our understanding of their own work and opinions.
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Info Darwin Digital Library
The Darwin Digital Library of Evolution is based at the American Museum of Natural History Library. Its goal is to make the full literature of evolution available online within a historically and topically coherent structure. The work of Charles Robert Darwin is DDLE's pivot, but the framework includes the 17th century to the present and encompasses the history of evolution as a scientific theory with deep roots and broad cultural consequences. DDLE is a pilot project drawing on resources of members of the Biodiversity Heritage Library Consortium. Contributions are included from the Natural History Museum (London) and the Missouri Botanical Garden.
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Info Dennis Kunkel's Microscopy
A website devoted to photomicroscopy of insects. The site implements a Javascript simulation of a scanning electron microscope. (arthropods, microscopy, SEM)
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Info Diatom collection [California Academy of Sciences]
At present, the California Academy of Sciences Diatom Collection has original sample material from over 18,000 locality records, 59,000 microscope slides, 55,000 taxa identified on slides, 8,400 diatom bibliographic references, and a database of 44,000 diatom species. The collection also houses important type material, with a total of 15 generitypes, and holotypes and isotypes for over 470 taxa, covering 128 genera.
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Info Doctor Fungus
Website covering all aspects of mycology, including fungal diseases, fungal infestations, symptoms, epidemiology, lab tests and treatments, together with identification and screening for drug susceptibility. There is also an image bank of fungi and their effects and a glossary. Provides links to PubMed.
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Info DPDx : identification and diagnosis of parasites of public health concern
DPDx is a website developed and maintained by the Centers for Disease Control's Division of Parasitic Diseases [DPD]. It's goal is to use the Internet to strengthen diagnosis of parasitic diseases, both in the United States and abroad. The interactive and rapid exchange of information permitted by the Internet, allied with already available diagnostic reference resources, will enhance mankind's capacity to address the global problem of parasitic diseases.
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Info Dung File
The Dung File consists of a list of references dealing with pollen, parasites and plant remains in coprolites and latrine fills from archaeological and palaeoenvironmental sites. The focus is on studies in North America and publications in English. (archaeology, palaeoecology, faeces, parasitology)
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Info Electronic forum on biotechnology in food & agriculture
An email forum (hosted by the United Nations Food & Agriculture Organization [UN FAO]) allowing a wide range of parties to discuss and exchange views and experiences about specific issues concerning the use of biotechnology in food and agriculture for developing countries.
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Info Electronic Introduction to Molecular Virology
Tutorial on molecular virology, covering basic definitions of the topic through to more complex issues such as virus architecture, genomic replication strategies of viruses, and virus classification.
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Info Embryo images : normal and abnormal mammalian development
Embryo Images is a tutorial that uses scanning electron micrographs (SEMs) as the primary resource to teach mammalian embryology. The 3-D like quality of the micrographs coupled with selected line drawings and minimal text allow relatively easy understanding of the complex morphological changes that occur in utero. Because early human embryos are not readily available and because embryogenesis is very similar across mammalian species, the majority of micrographs that are utilized in this tutorial are of mouse embryos. The remainder are human.
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Info EMYSystem
The EMYSystem is an information repository supporting global turtle conservation. The goal is to collect and provide current and historical data about turtle locations, and to help maintain the variety of turtles as part of the world's biodiversity. The foundation of this site is a database of the location of every species of freshwater and land turtle that has been collected by a museum, private individual, or referenced in a publication.
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Info Entomology on World-Wide Web (WWW)
A directory of entomology links on the Internet.
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Info eSkeletons project
The e-Skeletons Project website enables you to view the skeleton and bones of a human, gorilla, and baboon and gather information about them from their osteology database. Digital photos of the skull and other bones can be viewed from various angles, and bones of different species can be viewed side-by-side for comparison .
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Info Essential science indicators : special topics
The ESI Special Topics website is designed to complement ISI's Essential Science Indicators web product in providing citation analyses and commentary for selected scientific research areas that have experienced notable recent advances or are of special current interest. Each topic is prefaced with a description of its relation to the main ISI Essential Science Indicators rankings and the methodology used to assemble the data from the ISI Essential Science Indicators database. A new topic is added monthly. The data presented for each topic include citation rankings for scientists, institutions, nations, and journals. Most special topics also feature interviews and essays by prominent scientists in the area.
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Info euGenes : Genomic Information for Eukaryotic Organisms
euGenes provides a common summary of gene and genomic information from eukaryotic organism databases. This includes gene symbol and full name, chromosome, genetic and molecular map information, gene product information (function, structure, and homologies) and links to extended gene information. The summaries are automatically maintained from the primary databases.
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Info ExPASy molecular biology server
The ExPASy (Expert Protein Analysis System) proteomics server of the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics [SIB] server is dedicated to the analysis of protein sequences and structures. (biotechnology, genetics)
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Info FAOTerm
FAOTERM is a multilingual database in Arabic, Chinese, English, French and Spanish covering FAO's specialized subjects: agriculture, biology, forestry, fisheries, economics, statistics, nutrition, etc. Names of international organizations, official titles, the structure of FAO, acronyms, statutory bodies, meetings, staff titles, etc., as well as some definitions, have also been incorporated into the database.
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Info Fly enhancer
Fly Enhancer is a genetics search engine designed to find clusters of binding sites (or any sequences of nucleotides) in the Drosophila melanogaster genome. Also has links to Worm Enhancer (Caenorhabditis elegans genome), and Plant Enhancer (Arabidopsis thaliana genome).
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Info Forensic Entomology pages
Forensic entomology is the use of knowledge of insects in the investigation of crimes or civil disputes. It is one of the many tools of forensic science. As you browse through these pages, you will see that forensic entomology is not only a useful tool to decide how long human remains have been undetected, but forensic entomology can also be used to find out whether the corpse has been moved after death, the cause of death, and also solve cases of contraband trafficking.
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Info Forest & shade tree pathology
Forest pathology is the study of tree diseases. This website covers major diseases of trees, considering their causes (etiology), factors that affect their spread (epidemiology), ecological and economic impacts, and management.
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Info Fossil Hominids : The evidence for human evolution
This web site is intended to provide an overview of the study of human evolution, and of the currently accepted fossil evidence. It also contains a very comprehensive treatment of creationist claims about human evolution.
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Info Functional Genomics [Science magazine]
As an accompaniment to Science's 10 August 2001 special issue on epigenetics, this website presents a new collection of online resources on topics of epigenetic interest, as well as a new epigenetics section of Science's Functional Genomics research archive.
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Info Functional genomics
Annotated links to sites concerned with genetics, functional genomics, microarray, bioinformatics, proteomics, genome and complex disease mapping, and linkage analysis.
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Info GeneDB
Funded as part of the Wellcome Trust Functional Genomics Development Initiative, the GeneDB project has a primary goal to develop and maintain curated database resources for three organisms (disease-causing bacteria, protozoans and fungi): Schizosaccharomyces pombe, for which a complete genome sequence has been obtained, and the kinetoplastid protozoa Leishmania major and Trypanosoma brucei, whose genome sequences have yet to be completed.
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Info Genetic Modification Clinical Research Information System (GeMCRIS)
The NIH/FDA Genetic Modification Clinical Research Information System (GeMCRIS) is a comprehensive information resource and analytical tool for scientists, research participants, sponsors, institutional oversight committees, federal officials, and others with an interest in human gene transfer research. GeMCRIS allows public users to access basic reports about human gene transfer trials registered with the NIH and to develop specific queries based on their own information needs.
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Info Genomics and world health
The most up-to-date WHO publication on the subject, the report may help 191 WHO Member States to ensure that genome technology is used to reduce rather than exacerbate global inequalities in health status. In the coming decades, information generated by genomics will have major benefits for the prevention, diagnosis and management of many diseases which have been difficult or impossible to control. At the same time, this new field presents a series of highly complex scientific, economic, social and ethical issues which are dealt with in the report. [ genetics, genome ]
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Info Genomics Glossary : Evolving Terminology for Emerging Technologies
As genomics knowledge and insights in biotechnology and pharmaceuticals are expanding exponentially, Genomics Glossaries and Taxonomies (1,500 + definitions) will help you to keep abreast of evolving and interdisciplinary vocabulary.
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Info Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)
The Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) is an international non-profit organisation to provide free and universal access to data regarding the world's biodiversity.
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Info Global Invasive Species Database
The Global Invasive Species Database provides global information on invasive alien species to agencies, resource managers, decision-makers, and interested individuals. The database focuses on invasive species that threaten biodiversity and covers all taxonomic groups from micro-organisms to animals and plants. Species information is supplied by expert contributors from around the world and includes; species' biology, ecology, native and alien range, references, contacts, links and images.
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Info Global land environments since the last interglacial
An atlas of world vegetation throughout the Quaternary period.
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Info Globin Gene Server
Provides data and tools for studying the function of DNA sequences, with an emphasis on those involved in the production of hemoglobin. It includes information about naturally-occurring human hemoglobin mutations and their effects, experimental data related to the regulation of the beta-like globin gene cluster, and software tools for comparing sequences with one another to discover regions that are likely to play significant roles.
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Info Glycolysis
Online textbook about glycolysis, the reactions that convert glucose into pyruvate with the concomitant production of ATP. Glycolysis can be carried out anerobically and is thus an important pathway for organisms that can ferment sugars. For example, glycolysis is the pathway utilized by yeast to produce the alcohol found in beer. Glycolysis also serves as a source of raw materials for the synthesis of other compounds. For example, 3-phosphoglycerate can be converted into serine, while pyruvate can be aerobically degraded by the Krebs or TCA cycle to produce much larger amounts of ATP. (biochemistry, biotechnology)
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Info GOBASE : the organelle genome database
GOBASE is a taxonomically broad organelle genome database that organizes and integrates diverse data related to mitochondria and chloroplasts.
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Info Guide to Internet resources for cancer
This website contains 100+ pages of links to cancer-related information. Many sites contain information for both the public and for health professionals. For your convenience sites which are intended exclusively for health professionals are labelled as such. The pages are regularly updated with new links, and are periodically verified using a link-checker.
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Info HemoPDB
The Hematopoiesis Promoter Database, or HemoPDB, is a database that gives information on 246 leukemia and lymphoma related genes from mice and humans. The database may be searched by Gene Symbol, GenBank Accession Number, UniGene ID, TF (binding site) Name and lineage or cell type within which a gene is expressed.
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Info HerbMed
HerbMed (an interactive, electronic herbal database) provides hyperlinked access to the scientific data underlying the use of herbs for health. It is an evidence-based information resource for professionals, researchers, and general public. HerbMed is a project of the Alternative Medicine Foundation, Inc, provided as a freely available, public resource.
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Info HIV protease database
HIV Protease Structural Database is an archive of experimentally determined 3-D structures of Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 & 2 (HIV 1 & 2) and Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) proteases and their complexes with inhibitors or products of substrate cleavage. The site has sections on structural information, analysis, and a picture gallery of HIV PR.
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Info Hot Biology Web Sites
Links to World-Wide Web biology sites.
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Info Human Genetics Historical Library
Genetics is a relatively new science. It is little more than a century since Mendel's laws were rediscovered, and only just over 50 years since the structure of DNA was discovered. The recognition of the correct human chromosome number celebrated its 50th anniversary in 2006. Until now, the history of genetics as it involves medicine has been little documented. Many important developments and discoveries that have until recently been thought of as ‘new’ are rapidly becoming part of history - Human Genetics Historical Library (The Human Genetics Historical Library, hosted at the Institute of Medical Genetics, Cardiff University) aims to collect material in this area of genetics.
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Info Human genome : science, medicine and society
Produced by the Wellcome Trust, this website aims to provide you with key information about the human genome: the science, its role in health and medicine, and the broader social impact of unravelling its mysteries. The site gives both a simple, clear overview of the human genome, and in-depth analyses and explanations.
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Info Human Genome Browser
The Human Genome Browser provides a zoomable, scrollable window into the draft human genome.
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Info Human protein reference database
The Human Protein Reference Database depicts and integrates information pertaining to domain architecture, post-translational modifications, interaction networks and disease association for each protein in the human proteome.
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Info Ichthyology Web Resources
Ichthyology Web Resources [IWR] compiles online ichthyology resources of scientific and educational value in an organised directory. News posts recent changes to this site (including recent images) and other news bites. Online content has links to diverse pages covering topics relevant to ichthyology. Its Taxon Pages directory is especially extensive, containing links to pages on many groups of fish. Ichthyology community has links to ichthyology societies, conferences, a directory of ichthyologists, etc. Places has links to academic institutions, government branches, museums, etc.
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Info Ichthyosaurs page
This website contains a wealth of information about ichthyosaurs, dolphin-like reptiles that lived in the seas from 250 million to 90 million years ago.
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Info ImageBank
This resource consists of freely available images contributed by academics, researchers, learned societies, industry and individuals with rights cleared for educational purposes. Users are able to search for images based on keywords or browse within a wide range of bioscience subject areas. Images are then ‘downloadable’ along with informative descriptive text provided by the contributor. All images undergo a validation process by Centre for Bioscience staff with good subject knowledge. ImageBank also offers reviews of, and links to existing bioscience image databases.
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Info Infomine : biological, agricultural & medical sciences
The biological, agricultural and medical sciences sub-section of the Infomine gateway.
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Info Infonatura : birds, mammals, and amphibians of Latin America
Welcome to InfoNatura, a conservation and educational resource on the birds, mammals and amphibians of Latin America and the Caribbean. You can use InfoNatura to learn about more than 6,000 common, rare and endangered species. InfoNatura is a product of NatureServe in collaboration with our network of conservation data centers in Latin America and the Caribbean.
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Info Information resources for biology
A directory of Internet resources for biology, botany, evolution, marine biology, microbiology and zoology.
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Info Insects on WWW
This website was designed for the course Insects & Human Society at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. The website contains more than 6000 URLs for entomology resources on the World-Wide Web.
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Info Instructions to Authors in the Health Sciences
Links to website which provide instructions to authors for 3,000+ biomedical journals. All links are to primary sources, that is to publishers or organizations with editorial responsibilities for the titles.
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Info Interactive diagnostic key to plant parasitic, freeliving and predaceous nematodes
A collection of illustrations of nematodes, including plant-parasitic nematodes.
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Info International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (Tokyo Code)
Electronic version of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (Tokyo Code) adopted by the Fifteenth International Botanical Congress, Yokohama, August-September 1993. (Keywords: biology, botany, taxonomy)
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Info International Sequencing Consortium Large-scale Sequencing Project Database
The International Sequencing Consortium (ISC) was established to provide a forum for genomic sequencing groups and their funding agencies to share information, coordinate research efforts and address common issues raised by genomic sequencing, such as data release and data quality. The ISC has established this Web site to provide a single, central site for the scientific community and the public to have access to up-to-date information about animal, plant and other eukaryotic genomic sequencing projects. Users can view the sequencing status of a particular organism, on-going projects at a sequencing institution and projects receiving funding from a particular agency.
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Info Internet Directory of Botany
The Internet Directory of Botany is an index to botanical information available on the Internet, compiled by Anthony R. Brach et.al.
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Info Internet resource guide for zoology
Biased towards sites of educational, scientific and academic interest, though others are included if they contain information relating to the biology of 'exotic' animals. Particular emphasis is given to natural biology and systematics, and both living and fossil animals are covered. An overall guide to subject categories and an index to animal groups is included, together with a guide to conferences and index search of the entire site. Systematics and taxonomy related subject areas are given particular emphasis, and this section additionally includes some links to sites dealing with organism groups other than animals.
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Info Intute : health and life sciences
Intute: Health and Life Sciences was formerly known as BIOME. In combining the resources and services of BIOME's six popular gateways (OMNI, NMAP, AgriFor, VetGate, BioRes and Nature), Intute: Health and Life Sciences offers an easy to use and powerful tool for discovering the best Internet resources in this important range of subjects.
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Info Kimball's Biology Pages
These webpages represent an online biology textbook consisting of alphabetized lists of biological terms with links to discussions, often illustrated, of a wide range of biological topics. Although some of this information has been drawn from the 6th edition of the Kimball's text Biology - published in 1994 by Wm. C. Brown - every effort has been made to adapt the material to the opportunities provided by an online text, by exploiting the strengths of hypertext and by updating the material as new discoveries are reported.
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Info Lefalophodon: a history of evolutionary biology
An informal and incomplete guide to the history of evolutionary biology from 1800 to 1950. Its main emphases are on the late 19th century history and on palaeontology.
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Info MendelWeb
MendelWeb is an educational resource for teachers and students interested in the origins of classical genetics, introductory data analysis, elementary plant science, and the history and literature of science. Constructed around Gregor Mendel's 1865 paper "Versuche über Pflanzen-Hybriden" and a revised version of the English translation by C.T.Druery and William Bateson, "Experiments in Plant Hybridization", MendelWeb is offered as a public sourcebook and collaborative environment compatible with a variety of guided and independent studies.
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Info Micro MRI Mouse Atlas
The MRI atlas presented here is an early step in the development of a 3-D digital atlas of mouse development. It is meant to complement traditional atlases.Digital atlases have the advantage of being interactive, quickly updateable and inexpensive to distribute.
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Info MicrobeLibrary.org
Website with images of microorganisms. (microbiology, bacteria)
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Info Microbes.info : the microbiology information portal
Microbes.info is a portal bringing together useful and interesting microbiology resources.
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Info Microbial world
Microorganisms are everywhere - a largely unseen world of activities that helped to create the biosphere and that continues to support the life processes on earth. So, Welcome to the Microbial World. In fact, you are part of it!
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Info Molecular Biology Notebook Online
A comprehensive package for the hands-on teaching of molecular biology.The Molecular Biology Notebook Online is produced at IACR-Rothamsted.
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Info Mouse Brain Library
The Mouse Brain Library [MBL] consists of high-resolution images and databases of brains from genetically characterized strains of mice. Its mission is to systematically map and characterize genes that modulate architecture of the mammalian CNS.(nervous system, neurology, developmental biology)
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Info Mouse genetics: concepts and applications
Electronic version of Mouse Genetics by Lee Silver of Princeton University. Published 1995 but now out of print.
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Info Muscle physiology
A tutorial from the Muscle Physiology Lab at the University of California, covering muscle structure and physiology.
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Info MykoWeb
MykoWeb is a directory of World-Wide Web pages devoted to the science of mycology (the study of the fungi) and the hobby of mushrooming. It is a production of Michael Wood, a past president of the Mycological Society of San Francisco.
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Info Myosin Home Page
An in-depth view of myosin molecules found to date. Found in all eukaryotes, myosins play a role in activities as diverse as muscle contraction, cellular motility, cytokinesiss and membrane trafficking. The website includes crystal structures, alignments of mysoin sequences and domains, a myosin phylogenetic tree and links to sequences in the Protein Data Bank.
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Info Nanotechnology now
Nanotechnology Now is a collection of Nanospace reference material created to serve the information needs of business, academic, and public communities. Covers related future sciences (such as quantum computing, nanomedicine, & molecular biology), issues, news, events, and general information, as well as links to other Nanotechnology websites
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Info National oceanic and atmospheric administration [NOAA]
The website for the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), with numerous links to information under the following main headings: charting and navigation, climate, coasts, fisheries, ocean, research, research laboratories, satellites, and weather.
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Info National oceanographic data center
The National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC) is one of the national environmental data centers operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) of the U.S. Department of Commerce. NODC provides data and information for understanding the ocean and its role in our lives. NODC archives and provides public access to oceanographic observational data and products, provides scientific oceanographic data services, and conducts assessments of the ocean environment.
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Info NCBI Entrez Genome Project
This database is intended to be a searchable collection of complete and incomplete (in-progress) large-scale sequencing, assembly, annotation, and mapping projects for cellular organisms. The database is organized into organism-specific overviews that function as portals from which all projects in the database pertaining to that organism can be browsed and retrieved
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Info Neuroscience Tutorial
An illustrated guide to the essential basics of clinical neuroscience created in conjunction with the first-year course for medical students at Washington University, USA.
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Info Neurosciences on the Internet
Neurosciences on the Internet (aka Neuroguide.com) is a searchable and browsable index of neuroscience resources available on the Internet, covering neurobiology, neurology, neurosurgery, psychiatry, psychology, cognitive science sites and information on human neurological diseases.
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Info Nonindigenous aquatic species (of the United States)
Welcome to the Nonindigenous Aquatic Species [NAS] information resource for the United States Geological Survey [USGS]. Located at the Florida Caribbean Science Center, this site has been established as a central repository for accurate and spatially referenced biogeographic accounts of nonindigenous aquatic species. Provided are scientific reports, online/realtime queries, spatial data sets, regional contact lists, and general information. The data is made available for use by biologists, interagency groups and the general public. The geographical coverage is the United States.
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Info OceanPortal
OceanPortal is a high-level directory of ocean data / information websites.
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Info Online Biology Book
The OnLine Biology Book is a web-based biology textbook, whose text is modified lecture outlines developed by the author over many years of teaching undergraduate biology. Many illustrations are taken off the web...
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Info Ozone depletion
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) website holds information about the science of ozone depletion, information about the regulatory approach to protecting the ozone layer, and information on alternatives to ozone-depleting substances, as well as information on a number of other topics.
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Info Pacific Decadal Oscillation
Website describing the Pacific Decadal Oscillation [PDO], an El-Nino-like variation in ocean temperatures that is centred in the North Pacific but affects climate all over North America. (meteorology, environment, global warming)
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Info Parasitic plant connection
Parasitic Plant Connection provides distribution maps and key characteristics of 18 families of parasitic plants. There is also a directory of researchers, an update on phylogeny, a glossary, and links to images and gene sequences.
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Info Patuxent wildlife research center
Information on the identification and natural history of North American wildlife, including birds, frogs, toads and amphibians. Subjects covered are monitoring, ecology, statistics and surveys.
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Info Phagetherapy.com : the Web's comprehensive site for information on phage therapy and research
Phage therapy is the use of bacteriophages (viruses which only infect and kill bacteria, known as "phage" for short) to treat bacterial infections. As strains of bacteria are becoming increasingly resistant to antibiotics, phage therapy is being considered as an alternative treatment. Phage therapy is not limited only to the treatment of human diseases, but can also be applied to bacterial diseases of animals (pets and livestock) and plants (agriculture).
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Info Plant and insect parasitic nematodes
Index of information about nematodes. Includes nematology mailing list, news, articles, nematode genera and images. ( parasitology)
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Info Plant genome data & information center
A website from the National Agricultural Library of the US Department of Agriculture. Access is provided to a variety of information services and publications covering many aspects of plant genome mapping. (Keywords: biotechnology, botany, genetics, genetic engineering, plants)
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Info Plants for a future
Plants for a Future [PFAF] is a resource centre for rare and unusual plants, particularly those having edible, medicinal or other uses. A major project has been the construction of a database of useful plants which contains 7000+ species and has extensive details on the edible, medicinal and other uses of plants, together with infomation about their cultivation and habitats.
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Info Plantstress
The purpose of this website is to serve as a brokerage of information, a meeting place, a consultation facility and a source for professional update on the most important issues of plant environmental stress, which constitutes a major limitation to agricultural production.
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Info PlasmoDB : the Plasmodium Genome Resource
PlasmoDB is the official database of the Plasmodium falciparum Genome Project. It contains finished and draft sequence for P. falciparum (3D7) generated at the Sanger Center, Stanford, and TIGR/NMRC, as well as additional data from various sources. Data is available for browsing, querying, and data mining subject to the Data Release Policy. You must register to take full advantage of the site.
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Info Primate Info Net
Primate Info Net [PIN] is a website for primatologists, maintained by the Wisconsin Regional Primate Research Center [WRPRC] Library.
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Info Protein Information Resource
The Protein Information Resource [PIR] produces the PIR-International Protein Sequence Database (PIR-PSD), a comprehensive, non-redundant, expertly annotated, fully classified and extensively cross-referenced protein sequence database in the public domain. The PIR-PSD, iProClass and other PIR auxiliary databases provide an integration of sequences, functional, and structural information to support genomics and proteomics research.
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Info Protein kinase resource
The Protein Kinase Resource (PKR) is a web accessible compendium of information on the protein kinase family of enzymes. This resource includes tools for structural and computational analyses as well as links to related information maintained by others. The PKR is a collaborative project of protein kinase researchers and computational biologists working to create a database integrating molecular and cellular information.
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Info Radar Entomology Website
Radar entomology is the technique and science of using radar to study insect movement. It has proved valuable in the study of insect migration, and has been used in research on insect pests that are migratory (of which there are many). Radar has also been used to study non-migratory (i.e. foraging) movements. This site will endeavour to provide some basic information about radar entomology, a comprehensive address list of everyone working in the field, a comprehensive bibliography, and links to other sites containing information on the technique and its applications. Some historical material has also been included.
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Info ReefBase
ReefBase is an online information system on coral reefs, and was designed to provide relevant data and information to reef managers and scientists, as well as the general public. Their objective is to facilitate better understanding of the inter-dependencies between humans and coral reefs, in order to benefit management and conservation efforts of these important resources.
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Info Salmonella.org
A specialised website devoted to the genomics of Salmonella. The website offers genome sequences friom several strains of the organism and monitors Salmonella genome sequencing projects worldwide.
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Info Scott's botanical links
More and more sites on the Internet are devoted to the study of plants. This site is an effort to compile useful botany education resources for the advanced high school and college level. Internet resources vary in quality, so sites are rated on a 4-star scale emphasising educational value, completeness and scientific correctness.
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Info Sea around us project
The Sea Around Us Project is devoted to studying the impact of fisheries on the world's marine ecosystems. To achieve this, project staff have used a Geographic Information System (GIS) to map global fisheries catches from 1950 to the present, under explicit consideration of coral reefs, seamounts, estuaries and other critical habitats of fish, marine invertebrates, marine mammals and other components of marine biodiversity. The data presented, which are all freely available, are meant to support studies of global fisheries trends at the development of sustainable, ecosystem-based fisheries policies.
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Info Seaweed site
This site is a source of general information on all aspects of seaweeds(phycology).
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Info Social insects World Wide Web : Antbase
Antbase is an information resource cataloguing all 11,000 known species of ant, including an updated list of species names. (Entomology; Insect taxonomy)
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Info Sol-Gel Gateway
The Sol-Gel Gateway is a website where chemists, physists, materials scientists and device technologists, together with industrial engineers can exchange and gather information on sol-gel and colloid-related areas.
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Info Species 2000
Species 2000 aims to enumerate all known species of plants, animals, fungi and microbes on Earth as the baseline dataset for studies of global biodiversity. It provides a simple access point enabling users to link from here to other data systems for all groups of organisms, using direct species-links.
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Info Statistics of Scientific Procedures on Living Animals 2007
The statistics in this publication relate to scientific procedures performed on living animals subject to the provisions of the Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986, during the year 2007 in accordance with section 21(7) of the Act.
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Info StreamNet Library
StreamNet Library provides access to technical information and research on the Columbia River basin fisheries, ecosystems and other relevant subjects for states in the Pacific Northwest. It currently contains 20,000+ items and places particular emphasis on less commonly available literature, such as consultants' reports, state government documents and non-profit organizations' reports.
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Info THCME Medical Biochemistry Page
Huge collection of concise items giving background information on all aspects of medicinal biochemistry.
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Info tmRNA website
The bacterial tmRNA (also known as 10Sa RNA) is so-named for its dual tRNA-like and mRNA-like nature. It is employed in a remarkable trans-translation process to add a C-terminal peptide tag to the incomplete protein product of a broken mRNA. The tmRNA-directed tag targets the abnormal protein for proteolysis.
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Info Toxic and harmful algal blooms
Website investigating algal blooms in U.S. waters, and their impact on marine ecosystems, human health, shellfish and fishing industries, tourism, recreation, and the economy
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Info Tree of Life
A collection of World-Wide Web resources containing information about the diversity of life.
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Info TreeBASE : a database of phylogenetic knowledge
TreeBASE is a relational database designed to manage and explore information on phylogenetic relationships. Its main function is to store published phylogenetic trees and data matrices. It also includes bibliographic information on phylogenetic studies, and some details on taxa, characters, algorithms used, and analyses performed. The database is designed to allow retrieval and recombination of trees and data from different studies, and it can be explored interactively using trees included in the database. TreeBASE therefore provides a means of assessing and synthesizing phylogenetic knowledge.
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Info Trends online : a compendium of data on global change
Trends Online, published by the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center [CDIAC] at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory [ORNL], summarises key climatic change data sets, each accompanied by graphs and tables.
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Info TubercuList
TubercuList is a genomic database with data on some 4000 genes from the TB bacterium (Mycobacterium tuberculosis).
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Info Twelve soil orders : soil taxonomy
At the highest level, Soil Taxonomy places soils in one of 12 categories known as orders. This database puts together a collection of information and images to illustrate the distribution, properties, ecological significance, and use of these 12 soil orders.
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Info U.N. atlas of the oceans
The United Nations Atlas of the Oceans provides information relevant to the sustainable development of the oceans. The site aims to provide up-to-date data on human uses of the ocean and environmental issues, such as pollution, food security and global climate change.
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Info Universal Chalcidoidea database
A website devoted to chalcidoid wasps. Many species are natural enemies of insect pests and are used instead of pesticides to control them. As many as half a million species may exist, but only about 22,000 are documented. This site offers taxonomic information, as well as details on biology, identification and diagnostic features.
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Info University of Minnesota Biocatalysis / Biodegradation Database [UM-BBD]
The University of Minnesota Biocatalysis/Biodegradation Database contains information on microbial biocatalytic reactions and biodegradation pathways for primarily xenobiotic, chemical compounds. The goal of UM-BBD is to provide information on those microbial enzyme-catalyzed reactions that are important for biotechnology. The reactions covered are studied for a basic understanding of nature, biocatalysis leading to specialty chemical manufacture, and biodegradation of environmental pollutants. Individual reactions and metabolic pathways are presented with information on the starting and intermediate chemical compounds, the organisms that transform the compounds, the enzymes, and the genes.
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Info Vaults website
Vaults (first described in 1986) are large cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein (RNP) particles found in eukaryotic cells. Because vaults are abundant in all cells of higher eukaryotes (and highly conserved throughout evolution) it is likely that vaults have an important cellular function. (cell biology, developmental biology)
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Info VirOligo compilation lab
The VirOligo database is part of an effort to provide methods suitable for assessing what viruses are present in samples. The site lists thousands of oligonucleotides (short sequences of DNA) that can be used to extract viral genetic material from samples. The site includes information for human and animal pathogens including AIDS, foot-and-mouth disease, flu, small pox, and polio.
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Info Virus Particle Explorer
Virus Particle Explorer [VIPER] exclusively deals with the high-resolution structure of viruses determined using X-ray crystallography.
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Info Virus ultrastructure
An introductory manual for students of virology, covering the principles of virus architecture, details of how images are created by negative-staining electron microscopy and images of DNA- and RNA-containing viruses.
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Info Viruses: from structure to biology
This website explores the historical developments that led to the determination of the structure and biological functions of viruses and their macromolecular components. It attempts to investigate the history of how knowledge of the structure of viruses at atomic resolution has impinged on the more biological studies of viruses. Contributions to this history come from two overlapping groups of scientists; those who were responsible for determining the structures and those whose work was directly influenced by that information.
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Info Webvision : the organization of the retina and visual system
A website explaining the anatomy and function of the mammalian retina. It also includes an overview of the anatomy of the whole eye, and the biology of sight and colour vision.
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Info Wnt Homepage
Wnt proteins form a family of highly conserved secreted signaling molecules that regulate cell-to-cell interactions during embryogenesis. Wnt genes and Wnt signaling are also implicated in cancer. Insights into the mechanisms of Wnt action have emerged from several systems: genetics in Drosophila and Caenorhabditis elegans; biochemistry in cell culture and ectopic gene expression in Xenopus embryos. Many Wnt genes in the mouse have been mutated, leading to very specific developmental defects.
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Info Wolbachia
Wolbachia are gram-negative bacteria that form intracellular inherited infections in many invertebrates. They are extremely common with 20-75% of all insects being infected. Moreover they infect numerous non-insect invertebrates including nematodes, mites and spiders. The limits of the host range of Wolbachia are not fully appreciated at this time. Much of the success of Wolbachia can be attributed to the diverse phenotypes that result from infection. These range from classical mutualism to reproductive parasitism as characterized by the ability of Wolbachia to override chromosomal sex determination, induce parthenogenesis, selectively kill males, influence sperm competition and generate cytoplasmic incompatibility in early embryos. The unique biology of Wolbachia has attracted a growing number of researchers interested in questions ranging from the evolutionary implications of infection through to the use of this agent for pest and disease control.
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Info World-Wide Web virtual library : paleoclimatology and paleoceanography
Part of the Virtual Library of the Web, the oldest catalog of the Web, started by Tim Berners- Lee, creator of HTML and the World-Wide Web itself. Unlike commercial catalogues, it is run by a loose confederation of volunteers, who compile pages of key links for particular areas in which they are expert. Even though it isn't the biggest index of the Web, Virtual Library pages are widely recognised as being amongst the highest-quality guides to particular sections of the Web.
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Info Wormbase - Caenorhabditis elegans WWW server
Caenorhabditis elegans is small soil nematode found in temperate regions. In the 1960's Sydney Brenner began using it to study the genetics of development and neurobiology, since when the community of Caenorhabditis elegans researchers has expanded to over a thousand.
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